Important Personalities in Islam
Prophet Abraham (peace be upon him)
Abraham (Avraham) (/ˈeɪbrəˌhæm, -həm/ abe-raham; Hebrew: אַבְרָהָם, About this sound listen (help·info)), originally Abram, is the first of the three patriarchs of Judaism. His story features in the holy texts of all the Abrahamic religions and Abraham plays a prominent role as an example of faith in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Virgin Mary (peace be upon her)
Mary (Arabic: مريم, translit. Maryam), the mother of Jesus (Isa), is considered one of the most righteous and greatest women in the Islamic religion. She is mentioned more in the Quran than in the New Testament and is also the only woman mentioned by name in the Quran.
According to the Quran, Jesus was born miraculously by the will of God without a father. His mother is regarded as a chaste and virtuous woman and is said to have been a virgin. The Quran states clearly that Jesus was the result of a virgin birth, but that neither Mary nor her son were divine. In the Quran, no other woman is given more attention than Mary and the Quran states that Mary was chosen above all women:
Behold! the angels said: "O Mary! Allah hath chosen thee and purified thee – chosen thee above the women of all nations.
— Quran, sura 3 (Al Imran), ayah 42
The nineteenth chapter of the Quran, Maryam (sura) is named after her and is, to some extent, about her life. Of the Quran's 114 suras, she is among only eight people who have a chapter named after them. Mary is specifically mentioned in the Quran, alongside Asiya, as an exemplar for all believers.Mary plays an important role in Islamic culture and religious tradition, and verses from the Quran relating to Mary are frequently inscribed on the mihrab of various mosques, including in the Hagia Sophia.
Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him)
In Islam, Isa ibn Maryam (Arabic: عيسى بن مريم, translit. ʿĪsā ibn Maryām, lit. 'Jesus, son of Mary'), or Jesus, is understood to be the penultimate prophet and messenger of Allah (God) and al-Masih, the Arabic term for Messiah, the "Christ", sent to guide the Children of Israel (banī isrā'īl in Arabic) with a new revelation: al-Injīl (Arabic for "the Gospel"). Jesus is believed to be a prophet,[3] who neither married nor had any children, and is reflected as a significant figure, being mentioned in the Quran in 93 ayaat (Arabic for verses) with various titles attached such as "Son of Mary", "Spirit of God", and the "Word of God" among other relational terms, directly and indirectly, over 180 times.
Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
Muhammad (Arabic: محمد; pronounced [muħammad]; c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE) is the central figure of Islam and widely regarded as its founder by non-Muslims. He is known as the "Holy Prophet" to Muslims, almost all of whom consider him to be the last prophet sent by God to mankind to restore Islam, believed by Muslims to be the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity and ensured that his teachings, practices, and the Quran, formed the basis of Islamic religious belief.
Imam Ali (peace be upon him)
Ali ibn Abi Talib (/ˈɑːli, ɑːˈliː/; Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب, translit. ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib, Arabic pronunciation: [ʕaliː bɪn ʔabiː t̪ˤaːlɪb]; 13 Rajab, 21 BH – 21 Ramadan, 40 AH; 15 September 601 – 29 January 661 was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, ruling over the Islamic caliphate from 656 to 661.
Imam Jafar Sadiq (peace be upon him)
Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq (Arabic: جعفر بن محمد الصادق; 700 or 702–765 C.E.), commonly known as Jaʿfar al-Sadiq or simply al-Sadiq (The Truthful), is the sixth Shia Imam and major figure in the Hanafi and Maliki schools of Sunni jurisprudence.
He was a descendant of Ali on the side of his father, Muhammad al-Baqir, and of Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr on the side of his mother, Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim. Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr was raised by Ali, but was not his son. Ali used to say: "Muhammad Ibn Abu Bakr is my son but from Abu Bakr's lineage". Al-Sadiq is the last individual to be recognized by all Shia sects as an Imam (except the Zaydiyyah), and is revered in traditional Sunnism as a transmitter of Hadith, prominent jurist, and mystic.